By Annette Pinder

Folic acid is an essential nutrient with many health benefits for vital bodily functions. As a synthetic form of folate, it is a naturally occurring B vitamin with numerous advantages, including:

  • Red blood cell production and anemia prevention: Folic acid is essential for creating healthy red blood cells that carry oxygen throughout the body and for preventing folate deficiency anemia.
  • DNA Synthesis and Repair: Folic acid is essential for synthesizing and repairing DNA, the body’s genetic material. It’s vital for cell division and growth.
  • Neural Tube Development: Folic acid is especially important before and during early pregnancy. It helps prevent neural tube defects (NTDs) and serious birth defects that affect the brain and spine, such as spina bifida and anencephaly. Experts recommend 400 micrograms (mcg) of folic acid daily before and during early pregnancy.
  • Cardiovascular Health: Folic acid, along with vitamins B6 and B12, helps break down homocysteine, an amino acid linked to an increased risk of heart disease and stroke. Elevated homocysteine levels can harm the lining of arteries, raising the chances of blood clots, heart attacks, and strokes.
  • Tissue Growth and Cell Function: Folic acid aids in the development of tissues and ensures proper cell function throughout the body.

While generally safe, high-dose folic acid may pose certain risks. Some studies suggest that taking large amounts of folic acid could be linked to a higher risk of breast cancer, although others show an inverse relationship between folate and breast cancer risk. In a study involving women who had given birth, high-dose folic acid was connected to an increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It’s important to talk to a healthcare provider to find out the right folic acid amount for your needs, especially if you’re pregnant or have health concerns.