By Daniel Hamilton, M.D.

May is recognized as Food Allergy Awareness Month, a time to shed light on a growing but often overlooked issue of food allergies in seniors. While food allergies are commonly associated with children, adults — especially older adults — can develop allergies later in life, sometimes with serious consequences.

Late-onset food allergies in seniors can be triggered by various factors, including changes in the immune system, gastrointestinal conditions, and even medications that alter how the body reacts to certain foods. Common culprits include shellfish, nuts, dairy, wheat, and certain fruits. Unlike food intolerances, which often cause discomfort, food allergies can lead to severe reactions such as hives, swelling, difficulty breathing, and anaphylaxis.

Recognizing the symptoms of food allergies is crucial.

Seniors may mistake allergy symptoms for other health issues, such as indigestion or respiratory conditions. Key signs to watch for include sudden rashes, tingling in the mouth, difficulty swallowing, or shortness of breath after eating. In some cases, reactions may be delayed, making diagnosis more difficult.

Prevention begins with awareness and caution.

Seniors and caregivers should monitor reactions to new or unfamiliar foods and consult an allergist if symptoms arise. Keeping a food diary can help identify patterns and triggers. Once a food allergy is diagnosed, strict avoidance is essential.

Proper food labeling plays a vital role in prevention.

Clear and detailed ingredient lists, as well as allergen warnings can help seniors make safer food choices, especially when vision or cognitive challenges make label reading more difficult. Advocacy for improved food labeling standards remains a key public health priority.

Treatment options for food allergies include antihistamines for mild reactions and epinephrine auto-injectors for severe cases. Seniors should work with their healthcare providers to develop an emergency action plan and receive training on using epinephrine if prescribed. Nutritional counseling is also beneficial to ensure that eliminating allergens doesn’t compromise dietary balance.

Food Allergy Awareness Month serves as a reminder that food allergies can develop at any age. For seniors, early recognition, proper diagnosis, and a proactive approach to management can make a significant difference in health and quality of life.

Daniel Hamilton, MD of Buffalo Medical Group, is fellowship trained in allergy and immunology. Dr. Hamilton is currently accepting new patients. To make an appointment, call 716-630-1130. Learn more at https://www.buffalomedicalgroup.com/staff/daniel-hamilton-m-d.