Norovirus is a highly contagious virus that causes gastroenteritis, and inflammation of the stomach and intestines. While not related to influenza, it is often referred to as the “stomach flu.” Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps, fever, and body aches. The virus spreads through direct contact with an infected person; consuming contaminated food or water; and touching contaminated surfaces and then putting hands in the mouth.

The best way to prevent norovirus is to wash hands thoroughly with soap and water (hand sanitizers are less effective); disinfect contaminated surfaces; avoid preparing food for others when sick; and wash fruits and vegetables before eating.

Most people recover from norovirus in 1-3 days, but they can still be contagious for up to two weeks after symptoms stop. There is no specific antiviral medication for norovirus. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing dehydration:

  • Hydration: Drink plenty of fluids (water, oral rehydration solutions, broths, sports drinks) to replace lost electrolytes.
  • Rest: Allow your body to recover by getting enough sleep and avoiding strenuous activities.
  • Bland Foods: Stick to foods like toast, rice, bananas, and applesauce to ease digestion.
  • Avoid Dairy & Caffeine: These can worsen stomach irritation.

Since norovirus spreads easily, follow these precautions to avoid infecting others:

  • Wash Hands Frequently: Use soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after using the bathroom and before handling food.
  • Disinfect Surfaces: Use a bleach-based cleaner to sanitize high-touch areas (doorknobs, counters, light switches).
  • Isolate: Avoid contact with others for at least 48 hours after symptoms stop.
  • Food Handling: Do not prepare food while sick, and wash fruits/vegetables thoroughly.
  • Wash Contaminated Clothes: Use hot water and detergent to clean bedding, clothes, and towels used by an infected person.